The Sacred Bonds of Varuna: Divine Authority and Cosmic Order in Hindu Scripture The Supreme Guardian of Cosmic Law In the ancient Vedic understanding of the cosmos, Varuna stands as one of the most powerful deities, wielding authority over the fundamental laws that govern existence. His dominion extends across the heavens, the earth, and the waters, making him a guardian of both physical and moral order. What distinguishes Varuna's rulership is not mere strength but the mysterious bonds known as pasha through which he exercises his cosmic sovereignty. These bonds represent far more than instruments of restraint—they embody the very principle of divine law and moral accountability that sustains creation itself. The Nature of Varuna's Pasha The pasha of Varuna are described in Vedic literature as celestial ropes or nooses that bind all beings within the framework of cosmic order. These bonds are invisible yet omnipresent, connecting every action to its consequence and every ...