Vedantic literary works recognize two forms of mukti or liberation: sadyomukti and kramamukti. Sadyomukti, or immediate liberation, occurs when individuals, through the practice of meditation on the Atman or Self as delineated in the Upanishads, directly experience the Self in the present moment.
On the other hand, kramamukti, or gradual liberation, is
also expounded in the Upanishads. Those who have undergone austerities in
seclusion and meditation on Vedic deities embark on the path of light
(arciradimarga) or the divine path (devayana) after death. This journey leads
to Brahmaloka or Satyaloka, from which there is no return to ordinary
existence.
Kshaya
When an individual is engaged in the pursuit of Vedantic disciplines to achieve the state of samadhi or total absorption in the Atman, they encounter four types of obstacles, with kashaya being the third. Kashaya represents the challenge of being unable to remain focused on the Atman due to lingering attachment to sense objects previously enjoyed.
Kamya Karma
Individuals harboring unmet desires, aspirations beyond the reach of conventional human endeavors, are encouraged to engage in specific religious ceremonies and rituals outlined in sacred texts. These practices aim to fulfill these desires through divine intervention and are referred to as 'Kamya Karmas.' Examples of such rituals include Jateshti and Jyotishtoma.